Yakachena yakacheneswa marasha tara: eco-inoshamwaridzika maapplication? 

Iwe unoona 'yakachena yakacheneswa marasha tara' uye 'eco-inoshamwaridzika' mumutsara mumwechete, uye pfungwa yako yekutanga inogona kunge iri yekunyomba. Ndinozviwana. Kwemakumi emakore, nhaka yemarasha yakasungirirwa kune inorema indasitiri, PAHs, uye nemusoro kugadzirisa nharaunda. Asi kudzingwa uku kwekufungidzira kunopotsa iyo nuance yezvinorehwa ne "kunatswa" mumamiriro eindasitiri nhasi, uye uko sainzi yenyama yakasundira miganhu chinyararire. Hazvisi zvegreenwashing chigadzirwa chekare; ndezvekubvunza kana yakanyatsogadziriswa kubva, kana ikashandiswa nemazvo uye nekutonga kwakazara kwehupenyu, inogona kukwana mune zvemazuva ano zvimiro zvekusimudzira. Mhinduro haisi nyore hongu kana kwete-inotevedzana yekuti 'zvinoenderana' zvichienderana nekushandisa, kutsiva pfungwa, uye kutambisa rwizi. Ngatikurukurei izvozvo.

Iyo Yekunatsa Chikumbaridzo: Apo 'Kuchena' Kunotanga Kukosha

Haasi ese marasha emarasha anosikwa akaenzana. Zvinhu zvinopa chikamu chese zita rakashata kazhinji zvinhu zvisina kuchena kana kugadziridzwa zvishoma. Kana totaura nezvazvo tara yemarasha yakanatswa, zvakanangana nekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, tiri kutaura nezvechigadzirwa chakaitwa distillation yakakosha uye kurapwa kubvisa zvisingaite, zvimedu zvinofashaira zvakaderera uye kuisa pfungwa kune chaiwo makomisheni anonhuhwirira. Chinokosha ndechekubvisa chikumbaridzo. Chigadzirwa chakaita seyepamusoro-pitch binder kubva kumutengesi ane hunyanzvi hwezvinhu zvakadzika - chiti, Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co., Ltd., yanga ichigadzira kabhoni kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri - inyika iri kunze kwegeneric, isina kucheneswa tara. Kutarisa kwavo pakuenderana, kwepamusoro-giredhi kabhoni additives uye maelectrode zvinoda chikafu chine fungidziro. Iyi nhanho yekunatsiridza inoderedza kusiyanisa uye kusangana kwezvakanyanya kunetsa zvikamu zvechiedza-magumo, inova yekutanga, isingagone kutaurirana nhanho kune chero inogona 'eco-ushamwari' kudai.

Ipo panosangana nerabha nzira ndiyo inotsiva. Imwe yeanobatika kwazvo 'eco-hushamwari' nharo ndeye apo yakanatswa marasha tar pitch ichiita sebhainda mucarbon anode yekunyungudutsa kwealuminium kana mumagraphite electrodes. Iyo 'hushamwari' chikamu chinoenzanisa. Kana iyo imwe binder ichitorwa kubva murukova rutsva rwepetroleum, gakava riripo nderokuti kushandisa ne-chigadzirwa chekugadzirwa kwesimbi (marasha tara) imhando yeindasitiri symbiosis inowedzera kukosha kune tsvina. Haisi 'yakachena' mupfungwa yakakwana, asi inogona kuva yakawanda-inoshanda padanho rehurongwa. Iyo carbonization process mukugadzira electrode inovharawo chikamu chakakosha chekabhoni kuita yakagadzikana matrix, ichideredza kuburitsa kungangoita panguva yechigadzirwa chekushandisa chikamu kana ichienzaniswa nekusagadzikana kusungirira. Iko kuverenga kwehupenyu, kwete musoro wenyaya.

Ndakaona mapurojekiti achigumburwa nekuregeredza chikumbaridzo ichi. Mutengi akamboda kushandisa yakachipa, semi-yakanatswa tara kune yakakosha kabhoni chigadzirwa, inokwezvwa nemutengo wakaderera wepamberi. Kusawirirana muviscosity uye coking kukosha kwakakonzera kurambwa kukuru kwekugadzira, kutambisa simba mukudzoreredza mavira, uye pakupedzisira, batch rakasvibiswa rakazova mutoro wekurasa. Mutengo wose wezvakatipoteredza uye zvoupfumi wakapfuura nokure mari yakachengetwa. Chiitiko ichocho chakandisimbisa kuti 'kuchena' uye 'kunatswa' hakusi kushambadzira fluff pano; ndizvo zvinodiwa kuti zvishande zvakanaka uye kutapudza tsvina kuzasi. Iwe haugone kutaura nezve mashandisirwo ezvakatipoteredza kana yako base zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana.

Niche Zvishandiso: Pane Nharo Inobata Mvura

Pamusoro pekusungirirwa kwemagetsi mahombe, kune nzvimbo dze niche uko zvimiro zvemarasha akacheneswa zvakaoma kutsiva neimwe iripo parizvino 'greener'. Funga akasarudzika kabhoni macomposites emuchadenga kana akanyanya-kuita chisimbiso zvinhu. Muzviitiko izvi, chinodiwa chekuita-chakanyanya kugadzikana kwemafuta, kuita kwakati, kusamira-kwakaomarara zvekuti iyo kabhoni tsoka yekutadza (chikamu chisingasangane nezvakasiyana uye chinofanirwa kuputswa, kana chisimbiso chinodonhedza) chinopfuudza tsoka yechinhu chinosungirirwa pachacho. Pano, iyo 'eco-hushamwari' kona ndeyekusimba uye hupenyu hurefu mune yakakwirira-stakes application. Kushandisa subpar binder kunogona kureva kuti chikamu chinotora makore mashanu pachinzvimbo chemakumi maviri, zvichida kudzokororwa nguva nenguva uye simba rose rakaiswa uye tsvina inosanganisira.

Imwe nzvimbo inofanirwa kutariswa iri mune inodzorwa, yepamusoro-tembiricha maitiro ekugadzira kabhoni zvinhu pachayo. Kambani yakaita seHebei Yaofa Carbon, ine tarisiro yayo paUHP graphite electrodes, iri mubhizinesi rekushandura mabhainda kuita akachena, ecrystalline kabhoni zvimiro. Mumavira avo, pasi pemamiriro chaiwo, iyo inoshanduka-shanduka kubva kune yakanatswa pitch inotorwa uye inowanzo shandiswa seyechipiri mafuta sosi yekudziya maitiro, kugadzira yakavharwa-loop simba rekudzoreredza system. Iyo yekupedzisira chigadzirwa, iyo graphite electrode, inert uye yakakosha kune yemagetsi arc furnace steelmaking, inova iyo pachezvayo nzira yakagadzikana kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare kuputika mavira. Unogona kutevera ketani iyi pane yavo saiti pa https://www.nnevefansansu.com- inyaya yakanaka yekudzidza mukubatanidzwa kwemaindasitiri. Iyo eco-benefit haina kunanga asi ndeyechokwadi: inoita kuti iwedzere kushanda nesimba kudzokorodza simbi.

Isu takaedzawo nekushandisa ultra-yakakwenenzverwa mafractions se precursor ye synthetic graphite mumabhatiri makore mashoma kumashure. Dzidziso yacho yainzwika: chikafu chakakora, chinonhuhwirira chaigona kupa chimiro chakanaka chegirafu. Kukundikana kunoshanda kwaiva kuchena. Kutsvaga tsvina yesimbi, kunyangwe pamazinga eppm, ayo anoshiviririka mumagetsi ekugadzira simbi injodzi kune lithium-ion bhatiri anode. Mutengo wekuchenesa kuvabvisa wakadzima chero mukana wezvakatipoteredza kana wehupfumi pamusoro pepetroleum coke. Chakanga chiri chidzidzo chinopengenutsa chokuti ‘kunatsiridzwa nokuda kweindasitiri imwe chete’ hakurevi ‘kunatsiridzwa nokuda kwavose.’ Kushandiswa kunotsanangura mupimo.

Iwo Asingadzivisike Anonamira Mapoinzi: Emissions uye Kupera-kwe-Hupenyu

Hapana nhaurirano yakatendeseka pasina kutarisana nezvikamu zvakaoma. Dambudziko rekutanga rezvakatipoteredza ne tara yemarasha yakanatswa inoramba iri yekubata uye yekutanga kugadzirisa zvinobuda. Kunyange yakanatswa, ine PAHs. Munguva yekusanganisa, kuumba, uye matanho ekutanga ekubheka, kutora utsi kunonyanya kukosha. Ndakashanyira zvidyarwa uko izvi zvinotungamirirwa ne-state-of-the-art scrubbing uye thermal oxidizers, kushandura zvinogona kusvibisa kuva CO2 uye mhute yemvura-kutengesa, asi inodzorwa. Ndakaona zvakare zvivakwa zvekare uko zvinobuda zvevapoteri zviri pachena. Iyo 'eco-inoshamwaridzika' kugona kwechishandiso inoenderana zvachose nekuomarara kwekushanda uku. Iyo binder pachayo haina ushamwari; iyo engineered system yakatenderedza kushandiswa kwayo inogona kuva.

Kupera kwehupenyu ndiyo imwe nzou iri mumba. Kabhoni anode inopedzwa muhari yealuminium. A graphite electrode zvishoma nezvishoma oxidized muEAF. Asi zvakadini nekabhoni composites kana zvigadzirwa zvakakosha pamagumo ehupenyu hwavo? Iwo akanyanya inert kabhoni, saka kuzadza ivhu kune njodzi yakaderera kubva pakuona kweleaching, asi ichiri marara. Kudzokorodza zvinhu izvi kudzoka mu-high-value kabhoni stream kunonetsa nehunyanzvi uye hakusati kuri hupfumi. Uyu ndiwo mukaha mukuru murondedzero yekusimudzira. Iyo yakanyanya kupokana yazvino ndeyekuti zvinhu izvi zvinogonesa hupenyu hurefu, hunyanzvi hwekushandisa, kunonoka iyo nguva yekupedzisira-yehupenyu kwemakumi emakore. Asi isu tinoda mhinduro dzirinani dzekurasa kwekupedzisira kana, zvakanaka, kushandiswazve kwedenderedzwa.

Apa ndipo panofanira kuenda iyo indasitiri nhaurirano. Panzvimbo pezvichemo zvisina kujeka, zvinotariswa zvinofanirwa kunge zviri padhata rakajeka: iyo chaiyo PAH chimiro chechigadzirwa chakanatswa maringe nechakashata, huwandu hwesimba rekudzoreredza mumabiko emazuva ano ekubikira, uye yakazara kabhoni chiyero chechinatswa chetar-based chigadzirwa maringe nemhandara-imwe nzira-yakavakirwa chigadzirwa. Iyo yakashata, application-chaiyo data, asi ndicho chete chinhu chinofambisa hurukuro kupfuura kushambadzira.

Regulatory uye Kuona Zvipingamupinyi

Kunyangwe iyo tekinoroji kesi yeyakaderera-system-impact inogona kuitwa mune kumwe kushandiswa, iyo yekudzora uye yeruzhinji maonero chimiro chinowanzove chakagomara chiridzwa. Munzvimbo zhinji, 'marasha tara' ishoko rinokonzeresa, rinoputira rakanatswa indasitiri bhandi mukati nezvitima zvenjanji zvakasungwa nekreosote kana zvisimbiso zvekare. Izvi zvinogadzira chipingamupinyi pakugamuchirwa, kunyangwe kune mainjiniya anoona mashandiro ekuita. Kufambisa izvi kunoda zvinyorwa zvine hungwaru, chengetedzo data mapepa anosiyanisa zvakajeka chigadzirwa, uye kazhinji, yechitatu-bato kuoneswa kwemaprofiles panguva yekushandiswa. Iyo yakawedzerwa mutengo uye yakaoma iyo chero maneja weprojekiti anofanira kuyera.

Kubva pakuona kwekutsvaga, ndosaka kubata nevagadziri vakagadzirwa zvine basa. Kambani ine makore makumi maviri mumutambo, senge yambotaurwa, yakafanirwa kugadzirisa maitiro ayo uye zvinyorwa kuti zvisangane nemiyero inoshanduka. Kuenderana kwechigadzirwa chavo hakusi kungoita zvemhando; ndezvekuburitsa data rakavimbika rekutevedzera kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza. Pandinotsanangura chinhu chakadai, ini ndinofanira kuziva maitiro ayo e-batch-to-batch kwete chete maitiro angu, asi nemvumo yangu yezvakatipoteredza. Mutengesi asingavimbike pano haangoise pangozi chigadzirwa changu; vanoisa pangozi rezinesi rangu rekushanda.

Dambudziko rekuona rinokanganisawo hunyanzvi. Zvakaoma kuchengetedza R&D mari yekuvandudza chimiro chezvakatipoteredza che'coal tar' chigadzirwa pane chebio-based imwe nzira, kunyangwe iyo bio-imwe nzira ine yayo yakavanzika-kushandiswa kwevhu kana kugadzirisa maitiro. Ichi ndicho chokwadi chemunda. Iyo yakanyanya pragmatic nzira yekumberi ndeyekuenderera mberi nekugonesa mukati meyakamiswa, yakakosha-kukosha, kuita-yakakosha mashandisirwo uko zvinhu zvakakosha, uye kuve wakatendeseka zvine hutsinye pamusoro pezvipimo zvawo kumwe kunhu.

Mhedziso: Chishandiso, Kwete Panacea

Saka, ndizvo tara yemarasha yakanatswa Eco-friendly? Mubvunzo usiri iwo. Iyo yakasarudzika maindasitiri zvinhu zvine chimiro chakaoma. Mune chaiyo, inodzorwa zvikumbiro-kunyanya seyepamusoro-inoshanda binder mune kabhoni uye graphite zvigadzirwa uko inogonesa kushanda zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa, kutambisa rukova valorization, uye hupenyu hwehupenyu hurefu-inogona kuve chikamu cheyakanyanya kusimba maindasitiri system. Yayo 'yegirini' chiziviso izere mamiriro uye systemic, haina kumbobvira yakasikwa. Maitiro ekunatsiridza chinhu chinodiwa, uye mashandiro ekutonga panguva yekushandiswa kwawo ndiwo anogadzira kana kuputsa chero rubatsiro kwezvakatipoteredza.

Chiitiko chenyika chaiyo, kubva pakuedza kwakakundikana nezvinhu zvebheteri kusvika pakuona kusanganiswa kwesimba kupora mumiti ye electrode, inoratidza kupatsanurwa kwakajeka. Iko kunoshandiswa sekudonhedza-mukati kutsiva pasina kunzwisisa maitiro ayo chaiwo, inokundikana. Kwainobatanidzwa mune yakanyatsogadzirwa, yakavharwa-loop maitiro ane yakazara emission control-senge mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro-giredhi maelectrode ekugadzira simbi yemagetsi-inowana inoruramiswa, uye ine nharo yakagadziridzwa, nzvimbo munyika yenyama. Chinangwa hachifanire kunge chiri chekuchigadzira patsva, asi kuishandisa nemazvo, kuvimbika nezvekutengeserana kwayo, uye kutarisa kusingadzoreki pakuderedza kukanganisa kwayo kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika paguva. Ndiwo chete mhando 'yehushamwari' inoramba ichiongororwa muindasitiri iyi.