I-coal tar liquid isiza kanjani ekusimameni? 

Uketshezi lwetiyela yamalahle—okuvame ukungaqondwa kahle, ngezinye izikhathi olungaphansi—kungaba umlingani omangalisayo ekufuneni ukusimama. Nakuba yaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngokusetshenziswa kwayo komlando emikhiqizweni yezokwelapha nasezinqubweni zezimboni, indima yayo ekusimameni kwesimanje iya ngokuya iqashelwa. Kodwa kungani? Futhi ingena kanjani ngaphandle komthungo kulokhu kulandisa?

Iqhaza Lethayela Lamalahle Ekukhiqizweni Kwekhabhoni

I-coal tar liquid iwumkhiqizo wemboni ye-coke, futhi isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekukhiqizeni izinto zekhabhoni. Izinkampani ezifana Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co, Ltd., abanesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, bahola imizamo yokuhlanganisa lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene ezisimeme. Basebenzisa uketshezi lwetiyela yamalahle ukuze kukhiqizwe izithasiselo zekhabhoni ezibalulekile ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni imfucuza ngokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola.

Inzuzo ephawulekayo lapha imodeli yomnotho oyindilinga. Esikhundleni sokulahla itiyela lamalahle njengemfucuza, ithola injongo—isinyathelo esiholela ekusimameni. Le ndlela yehlisa i-carbon footprint yezimboni ezithembele kakhulu emithonjeni yekhabhoni yendabuko.

Nokho, ukuhlanganisa uketshezi lwetiyela yamalahle akunazo izinselele. Kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe, izinto izinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Yaofa ezizicuphe kahle ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ukwazi ukucubungula kanye nokucwenga le mikhiqizo kukhulisa kahle izinzuzo zayo zokusimama.

Ukujwayela Ubuchwepheshe Bemiphumela Eqhubekayo

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokushesha, izicelo ezingaba khona zemikhiqizo ephuma etiyeleni yamalahle ziyakhula. Cabanga ngemboni yezimoto lapho izinto ezilula, ezihlala isikhathi eside zibalulekile. Ukufaka izinto zekhabhoni ezitholakala kwitiyela lamalahle kungathuthukisa kakhulu inqubo yokukhiqiza, okuholela ezimotweni ezisebenza kahle, ezingasindi ezisebenzisa uphethiloli omncane.

Okungase kube isivimbamgwaqo umbono—izimboni eziningi zisabheka itiyela lamalahle njengengxenye ‘engcolile’. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, okuphambene ngqo kuyiqiniso uma kusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele. Ukugxila akukhona nje ekufakeni isicelo kodwa ezinqubweni zokucolisiswa nokwelashwa eziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemvelo.

Lolu shintsho aluyona nje ithiyori. Amacala omhlaba wangempela akhombisa isidingo esikhulayo sezixazululo ezilungele imvelo lokho Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co, Ltd. ihlangana ngokunemba. Ubuchwepheshe babo bubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinto zekhabhoni zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele emikhakheni eyahlukene.

Umbono Wezemvelo

Ngokombono wemvelo, uketshezi lwetiyela yamalahle lunikeza ithuba lokwehlisa ukungcoliswa kwezimboni. Cabangela ukuncishiswa kokukhishwayo ngenxa yokushiswa kukaphethiloli okusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezidingo eziphansi zamandla ekukhiqizweni kwezinto. Kuyindaba yokwenza okuningi ngokuncane—umgomo obalulekile ezenzweni ezizinzile.

Inselele iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumbiwa nokucutshungulwa kwetiyela lamalahle kugcinwa kuhlanzekile futhi kusebenza kahle. Kulapha lapho abaholi bezimboni kudingeka baxhumane nososayensi bezemvelo ukuze baqhubeke becwenga lezi zinqubo.

Imizamo kufanele igxile ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwegesi okuyingozi phakathi nezigaba zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kugxila okukabili—ekusebenza kahle kwezinto kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo—kuhlukanisa uketshezi lwetiyela yamalahle oluzinzile ngempela.

Ukusebenza Kwezomnotho kanye Nesidingo Semakethe

Ukushintshela kumamodeli aqhubekayo akusona nje isinqumo semvelo; kuba yisidingo sezomnotho. Izimfuno zezimakethe zishintshela emikhiqizweni eqhubekayo, eqhutshwa yimithethonqubo kanye nokuqwashisa kwabathengi.

Okwamabhizinisi afana Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co, Ltd., lokhu kumelela ithuba lokuhola nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Banolwazi nengqalasizinda yokusabela kulesi sidingo ngempumelelo, baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo yekhabhoni ihlangabezana kokubili namazinga okusebenza nokusimama.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa ukusimama akusho ukuthi izindleko ezengeziwe. Kucabange njengokutshalwa kwezimali—okuletha izinzuzo zesikhathi eside hhayi kuphela ngokwegama lomkhiqizo kodwa nasekusebenzeni kahle nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinsiza.

Izinselele kanye Neziqondiso Zesikhathi esizayo

Nokho, akuwona wonke umkhumbi ohamba kahle. Izimboni zibhekene nezinselelo ezifana nezingcindezi zokulawula kanye nesidingo sokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze zibambe itiyela lamalahle ngendlela efanele. Izinkampani zidinga ukuhlala ngaphambi kwejika ukuze zigcine ukuhambisana nobuholi ezenzweni ezisimeme.

Lokhu kudinga indlela esheshayo—ukuxhumana ne-R&D, ukusebenzisana nezikhungo zemfundo, kanye nokuqhubeka nokuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokucubungula itiyela lamalahle ezihambisana nemigomo eqhubekayo.

Sengiphetha, nakuba uketshezi lwetiyela lamalahle ngokwesiko lungeke luhlotshaniswe nokusimama, uma lusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, lunamandla okuguqula izimboni. Izinkampani ezifana Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co, Ltd. zikhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamasu kwalezi zinto kungaholela kanjani ekusaseni elisimeme. Imayelana nokudlulisa imibono eyiphutha edlule futhi ubone izinto ngamathuba ewamele ngempela.