Indima emsulwa yetiyela lamalahle kubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza? 

Uzwa itiyela lamalahle kanye nobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza emshweni ofanayo, iningi labantu embonini lihlekisa noma libukeke lididekile. Ngiyakuthola. Sekungamashumi eminyaka, i-coal tar pitch, i-binder, umgogodla wokukhiqiza ikhabhoni yendabuko, bekuyimfihlo engcolile-ububi obudingekayo kuma-anode nama-electrode. Ukulandisa bekumayelana nokuqhela kumandulela asekelwe ezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi. Kodwa nansi into esivame ukuyikhumbula ngalowo mbono olula: indima ye I-Pure Coal Tar akukona mayelana nempahla eluhlaza ngokwayo ibe luhlaza; imayelana nokusebenza kahle, ukuncishiswa kwemfucuza, kanye nokusebenza okwenza umfula uphansi kubuchwepheshe obuyingxenye ngokungangabazeki yenguquko eluhlaza. I-nuance elahlekile ekukhulumeni kwe-PR.

Isandulela Esingaqondakali

Ake sicace. Asikhulumi ngetiyela elingahluziwe, elinezingxenye eziningi. Igama elingukhiye lithi I-Pure Coal Tar, ikakhulukazi i-coal tar pitch ecwengisisiwe (CTP) enokwakheka okulawulwayo. Iphutha elivamile ukuhlanganisa zonke izandulela zekhabhoni ndawonye. Ama-Bio-pitches ayathembisa, kodwa ukungaguquguquki kwawo kanye nenani lokupheka? Namanje ukugembula esikalini sezimboni. I-petroleum pitch inezinkinga zayo zokuguquguquka kanye nokunikezwa. I-CTP ehlanzekile kakhulu inikeza indawo yokuqala eyaziwayo, enokwethenjelwa. Isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana, lokho kuphunga, kuyinzuzo ekudaleni amalatha ekhabhoni a-odiwe adingekayo, ake sithi, ama-graphite anode amabhethri emoto kagesi. Ingxenye eluhlaza iqala lapho ucabangela enye indlela: inqubo engasebenzi kahle kakhulu edinga amandla engeziwe, ukwenqatshwa okwengeziwe, futhi ekugcineni, i-carbon footprint enkulu ngeyunithi ngayinye yokusebenza.

Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi cishe eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, ngizama ukufaka ingxenye ye-CTP esikhundleni se-binder ye-bio-derived yama-graphite electrode. Imiphumela yaselabhu ibimihle. Ukukhuphukela esivivinyweni esikhungweni sozakwethu kwaba yinhlekelele. Umjikelezo wokubhaka waba ongalindelekile, ukuminyana komkhiqizo wokugcina bekugcwele yonke indawo, futhi sagcina sinesilinganiso se-scrap esingu-40%. Amandla amosheka ekubhakeni lezo zinhlamvu ezinephutha cishe azinakanga noma iyiphi inzuzo yezemvelo evela ku-bio-material iminyaka. Kwakuyisifundo esinzima ekusebenzeni kahle kohlelo lonke. Kwesinye isikhathi, izinto ezingavuthiwe eziluhlaza ziholela enqubweni engcolile iyonke.

Yilapho izinkampani ezinolwazi olujulile lwesayensi yezinto ezifika khona. Ngibuyekeze imininingwane evela kubakhiqizi asebenesikhathi eside abafana Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co, Ltd. (ungathola imininingwane yabo kokuthi https://www.yaofatanununcu.com). Ukugxila kwabo ku Izithasiselo zekhabhoni kanye nama-electrode e-graphite ancike ku-precursor consistency. I-Hebei Yaofa Carbon Co., Ltd., njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wekhabhoni oseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 kugeyimu, iyaqonda ukuthi ukuhlanzeka nokuzinza kwesitoko sabo setiyela yamalahle kuhumusheka ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo wokugcina—ukukhukhumala okuncane ngesikhathi se-graphitization, ukuqhuba kahle, ukuphila okude. Lokho kuphila isikhathi eside ku-EAF yokwenza insimbi noma ibhethri le-lithium-ion kuyinzuzo yokusimama okuqondile.

Ukuncika Okufihliwe KweGreen Tech

Bheka abashayeli abakhulu ababili bobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza: ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Bobabili bancika kakhulu ezintweni zekhabhoni ezithuthukisiwe. Imakethe ye-graphite anode iyaqhuma. Kodwa leyo graphite yokwenziwa ivelaphi? Umzila omkhulu udlula i-graphitization yenaliti ye-coke, yona ngokwayo ekhiqizwa... ukuqagele, yacwengisiswa ibha yamalahle noma imifudlana ye-petroleum. Ukucindezela komthamo ophakeme, ukushaja okusheshayo-kufaka ingcindezi enkulu ku-microstructure ye-anode. I-coke ehlanzekile, engaguquguquki kakhudlwana ephuma ku-pitch inganikeza ukukhubazeka okumbalwa, i-lithium-ion intercalation kinetics engcono. Kuyinto enika amandla, hhayi isenzo sesihloko.

Bese kuba nohlangothi oluhle kakhulu: olusebenzayo Izithasiselo zekhabhoni. Izinto ezifana ne-carbon black ye-Li-ion cathodes noma ama-conductive agents ama-supercapacitor. Ezinye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zithathwe ekucutshungulweni kwetiyela okukhethekile. Bathuthukisa i-conductivity ekulayishweni okuncane, okusho ukuthi usebenzisa izinto ezisebenza kancane, ukwandisa ukuminyana kwamandla. Futhi, iyisiphindaphinda samandla sokusebenza kahle kwedivayisi eluhlaza. Ngibone abakhiqizi bamaseli ebhethri bematasa kakhulu ngomthombo we-lithium kodwa baphatha isengezo sekhabhoni njengento ethengiswayo. Iphutha elikhulu. Ukwehluka okungu-2% esakhiweni sesithasiselo kungathinta impilo yomjikelezo.

Siphinde sazama ukusebenzisa ukusakaza kwetiyela okugaywe kabusha okuvela kwezinye izimboni. Umbono wawuyigolide lezomnotho eliyindilinga. Okuyiqiniso kwakuyiphupho elibi lokuhlunga nokuhlanza ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola kwensimbi okungafaka ushevu eseli yebhethri. Izindleko zokuyiletha ku-pure spec yayiphezulu kunokuqala nge-feedstock emsulwa, elawulwayo. Kuyiphilisi elinzima ukuligwinya, kodwa akuzona zonke izindlela zokugaywa kabusha ezisebenza ngokushesha ngokobuchwepheshe noma ngokomnotho. Okuhamba phambili kufanele kube ukusebenza nokuthembeka kobuchwepheshe bokugcina obuluhlaza.

Izithiyo Ezisebenzayo Ku-Supply Chain

Ukukhuluma ngakho I-Pure Coal Tar akuyona nje inkinga yamakhemikhali; i-logistics kanye ne-sourcing puzzle. Ukunikezwa kuyaqina. Ngokuncipha kokusebenza kokupheka kwendabuko kwezinye izifunda, ukuthola itiyela lekhwalithi ephezulu kuyinto ekhathaza ngempela. Lokhu kuguquguquka kucindezela ukuqamba okusha, impela, kodwa futhi kubeka engcupheni ukuhlanjululwa kwekhwalithi. Ngike ngathunyelwa lapho okuqukethwe kwe-quinoline-insoluble (QI) kwakungacaciswanga kahle, futhi kwayichitha yonke inqubo yokufaka inqwaba yama-electrode e-UHP. Izinsuku zesikhathi sokukhiqiza ezilahlekile.

Kungakho ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile noma ubudlelwano obuqinile nabahlinzeki bubalulekile. Umkhiqizi olawula noma oqonda ngokujulile i-feedstock yakhe kusukela esiteji se-coke oven unenzuzo enkulu. Bangakwazi ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, balungise amapharamitha wokucwenga, futhi baqinisekise lokho I-Pure Coal Tar okukhiphayo kuyifanele ngempela inhloso. Akuyona into ongayithenga nje emakethe yezindawo uma uhlose ukuthola okusezingeni eliphezulu ama-electrodes we-graphite noma i-premium Izithasiselo zekhabhoni imakethe. Iwebhusayithi ye-Hebei Yaofa Carbon ikhuluma ngeminyaka engaphezu kwengama-20 yokuhlangenwe nakho kokukhiqiza. Kulo mongo, lokho okwenziwayo kungenzeka kusho ukuthi baye bazulazula ngezindlela eziningi zokuhlinzeka futhi bazinzise amapayipi abo andulelayo, okuyinto engaxoxisana ngayo ngokunikezwa kwezinto zobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza okuthembekile.

Elinye ikhanda elibuhlungu yi-emissions yokubhaka. Ama-VOC asuka ku-pitch ngesikhathi se-carbonization ayinselelo esemthethweni yezemvelo. Indima eluhlaza lapha iyashintsha isuka etiyeleni ngokwayo iye kubuchwepheshe obuqukethe futhi obuphatha lokho kukhishwa. Ukuthwebula intuthu okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokushiswa komlilo, ukuguqula lokho kushisa okulahlwayo kubuyisele amandla okusebenza—yilapho ukugxila kwemvelo kwamanje kwezinqubo ezisekelwe etiyeleni kulele ngokufanele. Kuyinto ye-capex-intensive kodwa ebucayi.

Ikusasa: Ibhuloho, Hhayi Indawo

Ngakho-ke, kunjalo I-Pure Coal Tar ikusasa lezinto zobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza? Cha, futhi angazi noma ubani ku-R&D ocabanga ukuthi kunjalo. Ibhuloho elibucayi. Indima yayo ukuhlinzeka ngezinto ezithembekile, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zekhabhoni ezidingekayo ukuze kukhuliswe ubuchwepheshe obufana nama-EV nokugcinwa kwegridi namuhla, kuyilapho isizukulwane esilandelayo sezandulela ezisimeme ngokugcwele (i-bio-based, carbon recycled, njll.) siyathuthukiswa futhi, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, kufakazelwa esikalini samathani ayizigidi.

Ucwaningo lushubile. I-pitch ethathwe ku-lignin, kusuka kumapulasitiki angcolile nge-pyrolysis. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ngibheka ama-data sheets, imibuzo iyafana: Ungakwazi yini ukwenza amathani ayi-10,000 awo ngama-specs afanayo njalo ngenyanga? Ziyini izindleko ngethani ngalinye uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhushulwa kokusebenza? Ingabe lethula ukungcola okusha? Asikho lapho okwamanje. Ukushiya uhlelo lwamanje ngaphambi kokuba olusha lulunge kungamisa uguquko oluluhlaza ngokwalo.

Ngakho-ke, isu le-pragmatic eluhlaza kakhulu okwamanje ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izinyathelo ezikhona ibha yamalahle-to-carbon product chain. Lokho kusho ukutshala imali ekucwengisweni ukuze uthole okuphakelayo okumsulwa, ukuqinisa iziko lokubhaka kanye ne-graphitization ukuze uthole amandla okusebenza kahle, futhi uqhubekisele phambili ubude bempilo bomkhiqizo umkhawulo wabo. I-electrode ye-UHP ehlala isikhathi eside ngo-20% esithandweni se-arc yonga amanani amakhulu wamandla nezinto ezingavuthiwe ngethani ngalinye lensimbi ekhiqizwayo. Lokho kuwumthelela obonakalayo oluhlaza, onikwe amandla okokusebenza esivame ukushesha ukukwenza okubi.

Ephetha Ngaphandle Kokukhothama

Asikho isiphetho esicacile lapha. Kungcolile. Indima iyaphikisana phezulu kodwa inengqondo emiseleni. I-Pure Coal Tar, lokhu kwaziswa kwemboni yefa, okwamanje kuyisinikezeli esisebenziseka kalula sazo kanye ubuchwepheshe obuhloselwe ukususa amasistimu wezimboni zefa. Inani layo lezemvelo aliqondile futhi lihlelekile—litholakala ekusebenzeni kahle nasekusebenzeni elikunikezayo ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina. Ukuziba le nuance, ukuphokophela ukushintshwa kwayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi okusekelwe ku-optics kuphela, kungenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuzuzisa ijubane lokusungula. Ukugxila kufanele kugxile ekutholeni izinto ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo ngokungaphezi, kanye nokuphatha lezi zinto zekhabhoni njengempahla, kodwa njengezingxenye eziklanywe ngokunemba zekusasa lethu lobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza. Umsebenzi, njengenjwayelo, usemininingwane yangasese.